Leaving Cert. Biology Respiration Terms

1 min read • Post rating: 1.00/5

Leaving Certificate Biology

External Respiration – The way in which organisms exchange gases with their surroundings
Internal Respiration – The controlled release of energy from food
Aerobic Respiration – The controlled release of energy from food using oxygen
Glycolysis – The partial breakdown of glucose into a 3 carbon sugar pyruvate. It occurs in the cytosol.
Anaerobic Respiration – The controlled release of energy from food without using oxygen
Alcohol Fermentation – The partial breakdown of glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide
Biotechnology – The use of living organisms or their components to manufacture useful products
Bioreactor – A vessel in which bioprocessing takes place
Sodium Alginate – Chemical used to immobilise enzymes
Kreb’s Cycle – Acetyl Co A is broken down into CO2 with the release of energy. This stage of respiration takes place in the mitochondria.
Lactic Acid Fermentation – Glycolysis is followed by the breakdown of the 3 carbon pyruvate into 2 lactic acid molecules with no release of carbon dioxide.
Electron Transport System – Energy released from NADH is used to for ATP. Low energy electrons combine with Hydrogen and Oxygen to form water. It occurs in the membranes of the mitochondria.
2 ATP – The number of ATP molecules produced during glycolysis